With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, Jinko Solar modules have occupied an important position in the global photovoltaic market with their high efficiency and stability. However, in the long-term operation of photovoltaic power stations, abnormal heating of modules is a common but not negligible problem. If not solved in time, it may affect the power generation efficiency of the system and even shorten the service life of photovoltaic modules. This article will explore the main reasons for the abnormal heating of Jinko Solar modules and provide corresponding solutions to improve system stability.
1. The main reasons for abnormal heating of Jinko Solar modules
1.1 Hot Spot Effect
The hot spot effect is one of the main reasons for the abnormal increase in the local temperature of Jinko Solar modules. When a cell inside the module is blocked due to shading, cracks, or process defects, the local area will become a high impedance point, generate a lot of heat, and form a hot spot. If this continues for a long time, it may burn the module backplane or even cause a fire.
Main reasons:
The surface of the module is blocked by leaves, bird droppings, dust, snow, etc.
There are microcracks inside the module, which affect current transmission.
The installation angle of the module is unreasonable and it is partially blocked for a long time.
1.2 Poor welding or poor contact
The cells inside the photovoltaic module are connected in series through welding to form a circuit. The quality of the welding point directly affects the current transmission efficiency of the module. If the welding point quality is poor or there are problems such as cold welding and fracture, the resistance will increase, resulting in local temperature rise, and eventually forming a local hot spot.
Main reasons:
Poor control of the welding process during module production leads to poor quality of welding points.
After long-term use, the welding points are affected by temperature changes and mechanical stress, resulting in cracks or poor contact.
When the module is installed, the connection of the terminal is not firm, resulting in local high resistance.
1.3 PID effect (Potential Induced Degradation)
The PID effect is due to the fact that the charge migration of photovoltaic modules in a long-term high-voltage environment causes the performance of the cells to decay, thereby affecting the overall output power of the photovoltaic module and causing local abnormal heating.
Main reasons:
The photovoltaic module is in a high humidity, high temperature, and high voltage working environment for a long time.
The quality of the module packaging material is not good, and the anti-PID performance is poor.
The grounding method of the inverter is unreasonable, resulting in excessive potential difference.
1.4 Internal short circuit or local failure of photovoltaic modules
Due to manufacturing defects, environmental impact, or external force damage, Jinko Solar photovoltaic modules may have internal short circuits or cell damage, resulting in abnormal concentration of current in local areas, which in turn causes overheating of the module.
Main reasons:
Hidden cracks exist in the production process of the module, which gradually expands after long-term use.
The module is subjected to external impacts, such as hail, strong wind, or human trampling, causing the cell to break.
The diode of the module is damaged, affecting the normal flow of current and causing local temperature rise.
1.5 Influence of ambient temperature and heat dissipation conditions
The working environment of the photovoltaic module directly affects its temperature. When the ambient temperature is too high or the module installation method is not conducive to heat dissipation, the module may be in a high-temperature state for a long time, affecting the power generation efficiency and service life.
Main reasons:
The module is installed too closely, resulting in limited air circulation and poor heat dissipation.
The unreasonable installation angle of the module leads to too long direct sunlight.
The back of the module is not well ventilated, affecting the heat dissipation effect.
2. Countermeasures for abnormal heating of Jinko Solar modules
For the above reasons that may cause abnormal heating of Jinko Solar modules, we can take the following measures to prevent and solve the problem.
2.1 Optimize module installation and regular cleaning
When installing modules, ensure that there is no risk of long-term obstruction, such as avoiding trees, buildings or other obstructions from projecting onto the module surface.
Ensure that there is enough gap between modules to facilitate air circulation and improve heat dissipation.
Regularly clean dust, leaves, bird droppings and other dirt on the surface of the module to maintain the efficient power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module.
2.2 Strengthen module quality control
Choose a reputable Jinko Solar module supplier to ensure that the purchased modules are of reliable quality and the welding process is stable.
Inspect the modules before installation, such as using an infrared thermal imager to check whether the modules have hidden cracks or poor welding problems.
During transportation and installation, avoid external impact on the modules to reduce the risk of cracks in the cell.
2.3 Prevent PID effect and optimize electrical design
Choose Jinko Solar modules with good anti-PID performance to improve the anti-attenuation ability of the modules.
Properly adjust the grounding method of the photovoltaic system to reduce the system potential difference and reduce the impact of the PID effect.
In high-temperature and high-humidity areas, you can consider using PID suppression equipment or regularly repairing PID.
2.4 Regular maintenance and monitoring of component health
Use infrared thermal imaging technology to regularly detect photovoltaic power stations to promptly detect and deal with abnormal heating areas.
Monitor the current, voltage, and other parameters of the components, and promptly troubleshoot possible causes of failure when abnormal fluctuations are found.
Regularly check equipment such as wiring terminals, diodes, and inverters to ensure the overall stable operation of the photovoltaic system.
2.5 Optimize the heat dissipation design of photovoltaic modules
When installing photovoltaic systems in high-temperature areas, heat dissipation devices such as aluminum alloy brackets or forced air cooling systems can be installed on the back of the components to improve heat dissipation capacity.
Choose an installation method with good heat dissipation performance, such as a bracket with a moderate tilt angle, to increase air circulation and improve the cooling effect.
The abnormal heating problem of Jinko photovoltaic modules not only affects the power generation efficiency but may also cause equipment damage and even safety hazards. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and take effective measures to solve the heating problem of components in a timely manner. Through reasonable installation design, regular maintenance, optimized electrical configuration and selection of high-quality components, heating problems can be effectively reduced, the long-term operating efficiency and stability of the photovoltaic system can be improved, and greater value can be contributed to the green energy industry.
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